Which CV joint is it, inner or outer? The inners are easier to replace than outers. The outers really require the shaft to be removed which requires the hub nuts to be taken off. It may be possible to do from the gearbox end if there is enough room to get the boot retaining clip on with the inner hub in the way, you will have to look.
But I wouldn't advise leaving it for any length of time or treating a "repair" as a long term solution. If you don't repair the hole you will eventually wear the inner workings of the joint (quickly once grit gets in there and grease gets out) and be left with replacing the shaft anyway.
A good way to do it may be to buy a couple of second hand shafts, restore them on the bench (clean, new boots, c-clips and ties) and then take them and car to a specialist to fit. They aren't difficult to do, and I don't think s2 driveshafts will be expensive. There's a pair on Ebay for £50 at the moment..no connection with etcetc
As a temporary repair (and it would only be that) you could try putting a bicycle tyre repair patch on it, don't know if it will work but it's the only thing I can think of.